Quantification of tooth wear: Conventional vs new method using toolmakers microscope and a three-dimensional measuring technique

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of a new CAD-CAM Laser scanning machine in detection of incisal tooth wear through a 6-month period and to compare the accuracy of using this new machine against measuring tooth wear using tool maker microscope and conventional tooth wear index.

Methods

Twenty participants (11 males and 9 females, mean age = 22.7 years, SD = 2.0) were assessed for incisal tooth wear of lower anterior teeth using Smith and Knight clinical tooth wear index (TWI) on two occasions, the study baseline and 6 months later. Stone dies for each tooth were prepared and scanned using the CAD-CAM Laser Cercon System (Cercon Smart Ceramics, DeguDent, Germany). Scanned images were printed and examined under a toolmaker microscope (Stedall-Dowding Machine Tool Company, Optique et Mecanique de Precision, Marcel Aubert SA, Switzerland) to quantify tooth wear and then the dies were directly assessed under the microscope to measure tooth wear. The Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to analyse the data.

Results

TWI scores for incisal edges were 0, 1, and 2 and were similar at both occasions. Scores 3 and 4 were not detected. Wear values measured by directly assessing the dies under the tool maker microscope (range = 517–656 μm, mean = 582 μm, and SD = 50) were significantly more than those measured from the Cercon digital machine images (range = 132–193 μm, mean  = 165 μm, and SD = 27) and both showed significant differences between the two occasions.

Conclusions

Measuring images obtained with Cercon digital machine under tool maker microscope allowed detection of wear progression over the 6-month period. However, measuring the dies of worn dentition directly under the tool maker microscope enabled detection of wear progression more accurately. Conventional method was the least sensitive for tooth wear quantification and was unable to identify wear progression in most cases.     

The UK Mentoring and Support Programme (MSP) for those considering a career in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS). A review of a ‘Register Interest in OMFS’ website and the MSP as two key resources created by the British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons to promote recruitment and retention (2008–2020)

In 2008, to create a rapid route for information transfer in relation training and recruitment for OMFS trainees, the British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (BAOMS) created a website to "Register Your Interest in OMFS" (RYIO). From 2011 a Mentoring and Support Programme (MSP) was created to provide focussed guidance for trainees aiming for specialty training. This paper reviews the effectiveness and cost of these programmes.Between 2008 and 2020, 1744 individuals used RYIO on 2715 occasions. Of these registrations, 1772 were by dentists, 193 dental students, 589 doctors and 161 medical students. 2354 were from UK and Ireland and 351 from the rest of the world. 188 registrants subsequently became UK OMFS trainees or specialists. All registrants valued the information provided. In response to RYIO trainee feedback the new ‘Taste of OMFS 2020’ programme was created.The MSP was originally called the Junior Trainee Programme (JTP). The MSP scheme provides a layer of mentorship/support which runs parallel to the medical/dental training post or period of study. Of 180 members of MSP, 72 have obtained specialty training posts in OMFS. There are 88 current members. Full information is available on the BAOMS website www.baoms.org.uk. Reviewing both programmes, participant feedback is excellent with tangible results whilst cost effectiveness is high.     

sIL-1R基因重组质粒在山羊颞下颌关节内的表达

目的:观察脂质体携带的可溶性白介素-1受体(sIL-1RI)基因重组质粒注入山羊颞下颌关节(TMJ)上腔后,在TMJ髁突软骨及滑膜组织中的表达,以及在全身其他重要器官组织中的表达,为施行基因治疗TMJ骨关节病(OA)奠定基础。方法:将脂质体携带的sIL-1RI基因重组质粒分别注入6只山羊TMJ的关节上腔。注射后第2、4周,分别处死3只动物。抽取TMJ关节滑液,用ELISA法检测关节滑液中的蛋白表达量。采用q检验,对实验数据进行方差分析和均数间的两两比较。切取完整关节标本以及肝脏、心脏、肾脏和脑组织,免疫组化法检测重组质粒在这些脏器组织中的表达情况。结果:重组质粒pcDNA3/sIL-1RI在山羊TMJ的滑膜细胞、软骨细胞及软骨下组织均有表达。ELISA方法检测结果显示,实验组表达量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。在山羊肝脏、心脏、肾脏和脑等全身重要组织器官中未见表达。结论:脂质体携带的重组质粒pcDNA3/sIL-1RI,可在山羊TMJ有效地表达,关节外组织未见表达,因此是安全、可行的。     

蛋白亚细胞定位的预测方法研究

预测蛋白质的亚细胞定位信息对于了解其功能有重要的意义.选择氨基酸组成、氨基酸对组成、位置特异性打分矩阵三种分类特征以及模糊k近邻、支持向量机两种预测方法,分别进行了测试.对预测结果的分析显示,位置特异性打分矩阵可以提高对不同亚细胞器的可区分性;而支持向量机可以更好地利用位置特刎异性打分矩阵特征进行预测.使用氨基酸组成和位置特异性打分矩阵两种特征,并结合支持向量机,是一种有效的亚细胞定位预测方法.     

PDCA循环管理法降低自动摆药机内药品滞销的效果评估

目的：探讨PDCA循环管理法在降低自动摆药机内药品滞销的应用及效果。方法：运用PDCA循环管理方法,调查自动摆药机内药品滞销的现状,利用鱼骨图、"80/20"法则分析导致摆药机药品滞销的原因,拟定对策,设定目标,减少摆药机内滞销药品。对实施PDCA循环管理前和实施PDCA循环管理后的摆药机内药品滞销情况进行统计分析,评价干预效果,并将干预措施标准化。结果：2020年12月—2021年5月（管理前）摆药机每月滞销品种数的平均值为22.50,每月滞销品种占比的平均值为7.93%。2021年6—11月（管理后）摆药机每月滞销品种数的平均值降至9.17,每月滞销品种占比的平均值降至3.29%,管理前后数据差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）,达到预期目标。结论：PDCA循环管理可有效降低自动摆药机内药品滞销,值得推广。     

人工智能在抗肿瘤药物研发中的应用与进展

随着人工智能的飞速发展以及人们对肿瘤疾病机制的认识逐渐加深,人工智能在抗肿瘤药物的研发中起到了重要作用。本文简要介绍了人工智能的主要模型及在药物研发方面的优势,并基于结构、配体、肿瘤细胞表型及电子健康记录四大方面综述了近年来人工智能在抗肿瘤药物研发中的应用与进展,并总结了人工智能应用于抗肿瘤药物研发中的机遇与挑战,以期为从事相关领域的科研技术人员提供思路与参考。     

年龄相关性黄斑变性基因治疗的药理与临床研究进展

年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是由多因素共同诱发的视网膜黄斑区改变,基因治疗可以显著改善AMD患者临床症状,减轻长期玻璃体内治疗相关的治疗负担,提高临床适应性。尽管已取得多项成果,但基因疗法仍处于起步阶段,多数药物的临床试验仍处于研究阶段。通过整理近10年以来AMD的相关靶点治疗产品的药理研究与临床研究进展,并根据不同靶点或新载体进行分类,结合已取得的临床试验结果,评估基因治疗AMD的可行性与安全性,以期对于AMD相关靶点、治疗技术创新与载体开发提供参考。     

基于临床及影像组学构建中轴性脊柱关节病支持向量机预测模型

目的：基于临床及影像组学采用支持向量机（SVM）构建中轴性脊柱关节病（axSpA）的预测模型。方法：回顾性收集2012 年10月至2019 年2月在温州医科大学附属第一医院就诊的568 例腰背痛患者,最终诊断axSpA 319 例,非axSpA 249 例。按7:3 将患者随机分为训练组与验证组。于骶髂关节CT上手动勾画三维感兴趣区（VOI）并提取影像组学特征,应用最小冗余最大相关性（mRMR）及最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）算法进行降维及选择最优影像组学特征;采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析寻找诊断axSpA的临床危险因素。最后使用SVM分别构建临床、影像组学及临床-影像组学联合模型,利用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线及Delong检验评估模型的诊断效能。结果：临床-影像组学联合模型在验证组中具有最佳诊断效能,诊断准确性为0.83,灵敏度和特异度分别为85.2%、79.7%,其ROC曲线下面积（AUC=0.91）高于临床模型（AUC=0.81）及影像组学模型（AUC=0.83）,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论：基于临床和影像组学构建SVM模型对诊断axSpA具有较高价值。